[RFCs/IDs] [Plain Text]
Obsoleted by: 599
Updated by: 283
15 Jul 71
NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
NETWORK WORKING GROUP R. T. BRADEN
REQUEST FOR COMMENTS #189 UCLA/CCN
NIC #7133 JULY 15, 1971
CATEGORIES: D
OBSOLETES: RFC #88 (NIC #5668)
UPDATES: NONE
INTERIM NETRJS SPECIFICATIONS
The following document describes the operation and protocol of the
remote job entry service to CCN's 360 Model 91. The interim protocol
described here will be implemented as a production service before the
end of July. Two host sites (Rand and UCLA/NMC) have written user
processes for the interim NETRJS, based on the attached document.
Questions on it should be addressed to CCN's Technical Liason.
It is anticipated that the interim protocol will be superseded in a few
months by a revised NETRJS, but the changes will be minor. The revision
will bring the data transfer protocol of NETRJS into complete conformity
with the proposed Data Transfer Protocol DTP (see RFC #171). The
present differences between the DTP and NETRJS protocols are:
(a) The format (but not the contents) of the 72 bit transaction
header of NETRJS must be changed to conform with DTP.
(b) The End-of-Data marker must be changed from X'FE' to X'B40F'.
(c) The initial "modes available" transaction of DTP must be added.
(d) Some of the DTP error codes will be implemented.
No other protocol changes are presently planned, although some may be
suggested by operating experience with the interim protocol. When the
revised protocol has been fuly specified, it will be implemented with
different ICP sockets than the interim protocol. This will alow a site
which wants to start using CCN immediately to convert his protocol at
leisure.
Some possible future extensions to NETRJS which have been suggested are:
(1) A 7-bit ASCII option on data transfer connections, for the
convenience of PDP-10's.
(2) A "transparency" mode for input from ASCII remote sites, to
allow the transmission of "binary decks" (object decks) in the
job stream from these sites.
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
(3) More than one simultaneous virtual card reader, printer, and
punch stream to the same virtural terminal.
Comments on the utility of these proposals or others for your site would
be appreciated.
Robert T. Braden
Technical Liason
UCLA/CCN
(213) 825-7518
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
REMOTE JOB ENTRY TO UCLA/CCN
FROM THE ARPA NETWORK
(Interim Protocol)
A. Introduction
NETRJS is the protocol for the remote job entry service to the 360
Model 91 at the UCLA Campus Computing Network (CCN). NETRJS allows
the user at a remote host to access CCN's RJS ("Remote Job Service")
subsystem, which provides remote job entry service to real remote
batch (card reader/line printer) terminals over direct communications
lines as well as to the ARPA NETWORK.
To use NETRJS, a user at a remote host needs a NETRJS user process to
communicate with one of the NETRJS server processes at CCN. Each
active NETRJS user process appears to RJS as a separate (virtual)
remote batch terminal; we will refer to it as a VRBT.
A VRBT may have virtual card readers, printers, and punches. Through
a virtual card reader a Network user can transmit a stream of card
images comprising one or more OS/360 jobs, complete with Job Control
Language, to CCN. These jobs will be spooled into CCN's batch system
(OS/360 MVT) and run according to their priority. RJS will
automatically return the print and/or punch output images which are
created by these jobs to the virtual printer and/or card punch at the
VRBT from which the job came (or to a different destination specified
in the JCL). The remote user can wait for his output, or he can sign
off and sign back on later to receive it.
The VRBT is assumed to be under the control of the user's teletype or
other remote console; this serves the function of an RJS remote
operator console. To initiate NETRJS session, the remote user must
execute the standard ICP (see RFC #165) to fixed socket at CCN. The
result is to extablish a duplex Telnet connection to his console,
allowing the user to sign into RJS. Once he is signed in, he can use
his console to issue commands to RJS and to receive status,
confirmation, and error messages from RJS. The most importand TJS
commands are summarized in Appendix D.
Different VRBT's are distinguished by 8-character terminal id's.
There may be more than one VRBT using RJS simultaneously from the
same remote host. Terminal id's for new VRBT's will be assigned by
CCN to individual users or user groups who wish to run batch jobs at
CCN (contact the CCN Technical Liaison for details).
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B. Connections and Protocols
Figure 1 shows conceptually the processes and protocols required to
use NETRJS. The operator console uses a duplex connection under the
Telnet third-level protocol (see RFC #158.) The actual data transfer
streams for job input and output are handled over separate simplex
connections using a data transfer protocol.
We will use the term "channel" for one of the NETRJS connections, and
designate it "input" or "output" with reference to CCN. Each data
transfer channel is identified with a particular virtual remote
device--card reader printer, or punch. The data transfer channels
need be open only while they are in use, and different channels may
be used sequentially or simultaneously. NETRJS will presently
support simultaneous operation of a virtual card reader, a virtual
printer, and a virtual punch (in addition to the operator console) on
the same VRBT process. RJS itself will support more than one reader,
printer, and punch at each remote terminal, so the NETRJS protocol
could easily be expanded in the future to allow more simultaneous I/O
streams to each Network user.
The remote user needs a local escape convention so he can send
commands directly to his VRBT process. These local VRBT commands
would allow selection of the files at his host which contain job
streams to be sent to the server, and files to receive job output
from the server. They would also allow the user to open data
transfer channels to the NETRJS server process, and to close these
connections to free buffer space or abort transmission.
When a VRBT starts a session, it has a choice of two ICP sockets,
depending upon whether it is an ASCII or and EBCDIC virtual terminal.
An EBCDIC virtual terminal transmits and receives its data as
transparent streams of 8 bit bytes (since CCN is an EBCDIC
installation). It is expected that a user at an ASCII installation,
however, will want his VRBT declared ASCII; RJS will then translate
the input stream from ASCII to EBCDIC and translate the printer
stream back to ASCII. This will allow the user to employ his local
text editor for preparing input to CCN and for examing output. The
punch stream will always be transparent, for outputting "binary
decks".
It should be noted that the choice of code for the operator console
connections is independent of declared terminal type; in particular,
they always use ASCII under Telnet protocol, even from an EBCDIC
VRBT.
NETRJS protocol provides data compression, replacing repeated blanks
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
or other characters by repeat counts. However, when the terminal id
is assigned by CCN, a particular network terminal may be specified as
using no data compression. In this case, NETRJS will simply truncate
trailing blanks and send records in a simple "op code-length-data"
form, called "truncated format".
C. Starting and Terminating a Session
The remote user establishes a connection to RJS via the standard ICP
from his socket U to socket 11 (decimal) for EBCDIC or socket 13
(decimal) for ASCII at host 1, IMP 1. If successful, the ICP results
in a pair of connections which are in fact the NETRJS operator
control connections.
Once the use is connected, he must enter a valid RJS signon command
("SIGNON terminal-id") through his console. RJS will normally
acknowledge signon with a console message; however, if RJS does not
recognize the terminal-id or has no available Line Handler for the
Network, it will indicate refusal by closing both operator
connections. If the user attempts to open data transfer connections
before his signon command is accepted, the data transfer connections
will be refused by CCN with an error message to his console.
Suppose the operator input connection is socket S at CCN; S is the
even number sent in the ICP. Then the other NETRJS channels have
sockets at CCN with fixed relation to S, as shown in the table below.
Until there is a suitable Network-wide solution to the problem of
identity control on sockets, NETRJS will also require that the VRBT
process use fixed socket offsets from his initial connection socket
U. These are shown in the follwoing table:
Channel CCN Socket (Server) Remote Socket (User)
Remote Operator Console Input S U + 3 Telnet
Remote Operator Console Input S + 1 U + 2 Telnet
Data Transfer Card Reader #1 S + 2 U + 5
Data Transfer Printer #1 S + 3 U + 4
Data Transfer Punch #1 S + 5 U + 6
Once the user is signed on, he can open data transfer channels and
initiate input and output operations as explained in the following
sections. To terminate the session, the remote user may close all
connections. Alternatively, the user may enter a SIGNOFF command
through his console; in this case, RJS will wait until the current
job output streams are complete and then itself terminate the session
by closing all connections.
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D. Input Operations
A job stream for submission to RJS at CCN is a series of logical
records, each of which is a card image. A card image may be at most
80 characters long, to match the requirements of OS/360 for job
input. The user can submit a "stack" of successive jobs through the
card reader channel with no end-of-job indication between jobs; RJS
recognizes the beginning of each new job by the appearance of a JOB
card.
To submit a job or stack of jobs for execution at CCN, the remote
user must first open the card reader channel. He signals his VRBT
process to issue Init (local = U + 5, foreign = S + 2, size = 8).
NETRJS, which is listening on socket S + 2, will normally return an
RTS command, opening the channel. If, however, it should happen that
all input buffer space within the CCN NCP is in use, the request will
be refused, and the user should try again later. If the problem
persists, call the Technical Liaison at CCN.
When the connection is open, the user can begin sending his job
stream using the protocol defined in Apendix A. For each job
successfully spooled, the user will receive a confirming message on
his console. At the end of the stack, he must send an End-of-Data
transaction to initiate processing of the last job. NETRJS will then
close the channel (to avoid holding buffer space unnecessarily). At
any time during the session, the user can re-open the card reader
channel and transmit another job stack. He can also terminate the
session and sign on later to get his output.
The user can abort the card reader channel at any time by closing the
channel (his socket S + 2). NETRJS will then discard the last
partially spooled job. If NETRJS finds an error (e.g., transaction
sequence number error or a dropped bit), it will abort the channel by
closing the connection prematurely, and also inform the user via his
console that his job was discarded (thus solving the race condition
between End-of-Data and aborting). The user needs to retransmit only
the last job. However, he could retransmit the entire stack
(although it would be somewhat wasteful) since the CCN operating
system enforces job name uniqueness by immediately "flushing" jobs
with names already in the system.
If the user's process, NCP, or host, or the Network itself fails
during input, RJS will discard the job being transmitted. A message
informing the user that this job was discarded will be generated and
sent to him the next time he signs on. On the other hand, those jobs
whose receipt have been acknowledged on the operator's console will
not be affected by the failure, but will be executed by CCN.
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E. Output Operations
The user may wait to set up a virtual printer (or punch) and open its
channel until a STATUS message on his console indicates output is
ready; or he may leave the output channel(s) open during the entire
session, ready to receive output whenever it becomes available. He
can also control which one of several available jobs is to be
returned by entering appropriate operator commands.
To be prepared to receive printer (or puhch) output from his jobs,
the user site issues Init (local = U + 4 (U + 6), foreign = S + 3 (S
+ 5), size = 8), respectively. NETRJS is listening on these sockets
and should immediately return an STR. However, it is possible that
because of software problems at CCN, RJS will refuse the connection
and a CLS will be returned; in this case, try again or call the
Technical Liaison.
When RJS has output to send to a particular (virtual) terminal and a
corresponding open output channel, it will send the output as a
series of logical records using the protocol in Appendix A. The
first record will consist of the job name (8 characters) followed by
a comma and then the ID string from the JOB card (if any). In the
printer stream, the first column of each record will be an ASA
carriage control character (see Appendix C); the punch output stream
will never contain carraiage control characters.
NETRJS will send an End-of-Data transaction and then close an output
channel at the end of the output for each complete batch job; the
remote site must then send a new RFC (and ALL) to start output for
another job. This gives the remote site a chance to allocate a new
file for each job without breaking the output within a job. If the
user at the remote site wants to cancel (or backspace or defer) the
output of a particular job, he enters appropriate RJS commands on the
operator input channel (see Appendix D).
A virtual printer in NETRJS has 254 columns, exclusive of carriage
control; RJS will send up to 255 characters of a logical record it
finds in a SYSOUT data set. If the user wishes to reject or fold
records longer than some smaller record size, he can do so in his
VRBT process.
If RJS encounters a permanent I/O error in reading the disk data set,
it will notify the user via his console, skip forward to the next set
of system messages or SYSOUT data set in the same job, and continue.
In the future, RJS may be changed to send a Lost Data marker within
the data stream as well as a console message to the user. In any
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
case, the user will receive notification of termination of output
data transfer for each job via messages on his console.
If the user detects an error in the stream, he can issue a Backspace
(BSP) command from his console to repeat the last "page" of output,
or a Restart (RST) command to repeat from the last SYSOUT data set or
the beginning of the job, or he can abort the channel by closing his
socket. If he aborts the channel, RJS will simulate a Backspace
command, and when the user re-opens the channel the job will begin
transmission again from an earlier point in the same data set. This
is true even if the user terminates the current session first, and
reopens the channnel in a later session; RJS saves the state of its
output streams. However, before re-opening the channel he can defer
this job for later output, restart it at the beginning, or cancel its
output (see Appendix D). Note that aborting the channel is only
effective if RJS has not yet sent the End-of-Data transaction.
If the user's process, NCP, or host, or the Network itself fails
during an output operation, RJS will act as if the channel had been
aborted and the user signed off. In no case should a user lose
output from NETRJS.
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
APPENDIX A
Data Transfer Protocol in NETRJS
1. Introduction
The records in the data transfer channels (for virtual card
reader, printer, and punch) are generally grouped into
transactions preceded by headers. The transaction header includes
a sequence number and the length of the transaction. Network byte
size must be 8 bits in these data streams.
A transaction is the unit of buffering within the Model 91
software. Internal buffers are 880 bytes. Therefore, CCN cannot
transmit or receive a single transaction larger than 880 bytes.
Transactions can be as short as one record; however, those sites
which are concerned with efficiency should send transactions as
close as possible to the 880 byte limit.
There is no necessary connection between physical message
boundaries and transactions ("logical messages"); the NCP can
break the "logical message" arbitrarily into physical messages.
At CCN we will choose to have each logical message start a new
physical message, so the NCP can send the last part of each
message without waiting for an explicit request, but a remote
site is not required to follow this convention.
Each logical record within a transaction begins with an "op code"
byte which contains the channel identification, so its value is
unique to each channel but constant within a channel. This choice
provides a convenient way to verify bit synchronization at the
receiver, and also allows an extension in the future to true
"multi-leaving" (i.e., multiplexing all channels within one
connection in each direction).
The only provisions for transmission error detection in the
current NETRJS protocol are (1) this "op code" byte to verify bit
synchronization and (2) the transaction sequence number. at the
urging of Crowther, we favor putting an optional 16 bit check sum
in the unused bytes of the second-level header. It is currently
assumed that if an error is detected then the channel is to be
aborted and the entire transmission repeated. To provide
automatic retransmission we would have to put in reverse channels
for ACK/NAK messages.
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
2. Character Sets
For an ASCII VRBT, NETRJS will map ASCII in the card reader stream
into EBCDIC, and re-map the printer stream to ASCII, by the
following rules:
1. One-to-one mapping between the three ASCII characters
broken vertical bar, tilde, and back slash, which are not
in EBCDIC, and the three EBCDIC characters vertical bar,
not sign and cent sign (respectively) which are not in
ASCII.
2. The other six ASCII graphics not in EBCDIC will be
translated on input to an EBCDIC question mark (?).
3. The ASCII control will be mapped into and from the EBCDIC
control TM.
4. The EBCDIC characters not in ASCII will be mapped in the
printer stream into the ASCII question mark.
3. Meta-Notation
The following description of the NETRJS data transfer protocol
uses a formal notation derived from that proposed in RFC #31 by
Bobrow and Sutherland. (The NETRJS format is also shown
diagramatically in Figure 2.)
The derived notation is both concise and easily readable, and we
recommend its use for Network documentation. The notation
consists of a series of productions for bit string variables whose
names are capitalized. Each variable name which represents a
fixed length field is followed by the length in bits (e.g.,
SEQNUMB(16)). Numbers enclosed in quotes are decimal, unless
qualified by a leading X meaning hex. Since each hex digit is 4
bits, the length is not shown explicitly in hex numbers. For
example, '1'(8) and X'FF' both represent a string of 8 one bits.
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
The meta-syntactic operators are:
| :alternative string
[ ] :optional string
( ) :grouping
+ :catenation of bit strings
The numerical value of a bit string (interpreted as an integer) is
symbolized by a lower case identifier preceding the string
expression and separated by a colon. For example, in
"i:FIELD(8)", i symbolizes the numeric value of the 8 bit string
FIELD.
Finally, we use Bobrow and Sutherland's symbolism for iteration of
a sub-string: (STRING-EXPRESSION = n); denotes n occurrences of
STRING EXPRESSION, implicitly catenated together. Here any n
greater or equal to 0 is assumed unless n is explicitly
restricted.
4. Protocol Definition
STREAM _ (TRANSACTION = n) + [END-OF-DATA]
That is, STREAM, the entire sequence of data on a particular open
channel, is a sequence of n TRANSACTIONS followed by an
END-OF-DATA marker (omitted if the sender aborts the channel).
TRANSACTION _ THEAD(72) + (RECORD = r) + ('0'(1) = f)
That is, a transaction consists of a 72 bit header, r records, and
f filler bits.
THEAD _ X'FF' + f:FILLER(8) + SEQNUMB(16) + LENGTH(32) + X'00'
Transactions are to be consecutively numbered in the SEQNUMB
field, starting with 0 in the first transaction after the channel
is (re-) opened. The 32 bit LENGTH field gives the total length
in bits of the r RECORD's which follow. For convenience, the
using site may add f additional filler bits at the end of the
transaction to reach a convenient word boundary on his machine;
the value f is also transmitted in the FILLER field of THEAD.
RECORD _ COMPRESSED | TRUNCATED
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
RJS will accept intermixed RECORD's which are COMPRESSED or
TRUNCATED in an input stream. RJS will send one or the other
format in the printer and punch streams to a given VRBT; the
choice is determined when CCN establishes a terminal id.
COMPRESSES _ '2'(2) + DEVID(6) + (STRING = p) + '0'(8)
STRING _ ('6'(3) + i:DUPCOUNT(5))
This form represents a string of i consecutive
blanks
('7'(3) + i:DUPCOUNT(5) + TEXTBYTE(8))
This form represents string of i consecutive
duplicates of TEXTBYTE.
('2'(2) + j:LENGTH(6) + (TEXTBYTE(8) = j))
This form represents a string of j characters.
The first two alternatives above in the STRING production begin
with count bytes chosen to be distinguishable from the (currently
defined) Telnet control characters. In a Telnet stream, the third
count byte would not be needed. This is irrelevant to the current
NETRJS, but it would allow the use of compression within a Telnet
data stream.
TRUNCATED _ '3'(2) + DEVID(6) + n:COUNT(8) + (TEXTBYTE(8) = n)
DEVID(6) _ DEVNO(3) + t:DEVTYPE(3)
DEVID identifies a particular virtual device,
i.e., it identifies a channel. DEVTYPE specifies
the type of device, as follows:
t = 1: Output to remote operator console
2: Input from remote operator console
3: Input from card reader
4: Output to printer
5: Output to card punch
6,7: Unused
DEVNO(3) identifies the particular device of type
t at this remote site; at present only DEVNO = O
is possible.
END-OF-DATA _X'FE'
Signals end of job (output) or job stack
(input).
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NIC 7133, RFC 189: Interim NETRJS Specifications
APPENDIX B
Telnet for VRBT operator Console
The remote operator console connections use the ASCII Telnet protocol as
in RFC #158. Specifically:
1. The following one-to-one character mappings are used for the
three EBCDIC graphics not in ASCII:
ASCII in Telnet | NETRJS
----------------------------------------------------
broken vertical bar | solid vertical bar
tilde | not sign
back slash | cent sign
2. Initially all Telnet control characters will be ignored. In the
future we will implement the Telnet Break facility to allow a remote
user to terminate extensive console output from a commmand.
3. An operator console input line which exceeds 133 characters
(exclusive of CR LF) will be truncated by NETRJS.
4. NETRJS will accept BS to delete a character, and CAN to delete
the current line. The sequence CR LF terminates each input and
output line. HT will be translated to a single space in RJS. All
other ASCII control characters will be ignored.
5. NETRJS will translate the six ASCII graphics with no equivalent
in EBCDIC into the character question mark ("?") on input.
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APPENDIX C
Carriage Control
The carriage control characters sent in a printer channel by NETRJS
conform to IBM's extended USASI code, defined by the following table:
CODE ACTION BEFORE WRITING RECORD
---- ----------------------------
Blank Space one line before printing
0 Space two lines before printing
- Space three lines before printing
+ Suppress space before printing
1 Skip to channel 1
2 Skip to channel 2
3 Skip to channel 3
4 Skip to channel 4
5 Skip to channel 5
6 Skip to channel 6
7 Skip to channel 7
8 Skip to channel 8
9 Skip to channel 9
A Skip to channel 10
B Skip to channel 11
C Skip to channel 12
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APPENDIX D
Network/RJS Command Summary
Terminal Control and Information Command
SIGNON First command of a session; identifies VRBT by giving
its terminal id.
SIGNOFF Last command of a session; RJS waits for any data
transfer in progress to complete and then closes all
connections.
STATUS Outputs on the remote operator console a cmplete list,
or a summary, of all jobs in the system for this VRBT,
with an indication of their processing status in the
Model 91.
ALERT Outputs on the operator console the special "Alert"
message, if any, from CCN computer operator. The Alert
message is also automatically sent when the user does a
SIGNON, or whenever the message changes.
MSG Sends a message to CCN computer operator or to any other
RJS terminal (real or virtual). A message from the
computer operator or another RJS terminal will
automatically appear on the remote operator console.
Job Control and Routing Commands
Under CCN's job management system, the default destination for output
is the input source. Thus, a job submitted under a given VRBT will
be returned to that VRBT (i.e., the same terminal id), unless the
user's JCL overrides the default destination.
RJS places print and punch output destined for a particular remote
terminal into either an Active Queue or a Deferred Queue. When the
user opens his print or punch output channel, RJS immediately starts
sending job output from the Active Queue, and continues until this
queue is empty. Job output in the Deferred Queue, on the other hand,
must be called for by job name, (via a RESET command from the remote
operator) before RJS will send it. The Active/Deferred choice for
output from a job is determined by the deferral status of the VRBT
when the job is entered; the deferral status, which is set to the
Active option when the user signs on, may be changed by the SET
command.
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SET Allows the remote user to change certain properties of
his VRBT for the duration of the current session;
(a) May change the default output destination to be
another (real or virtual) RJS terminal or the
central facility.
(b) May change the deferral status of the VRBT.
DEFER Moves the print and punch output for a specified job or
set of jobs from the Active Queue to the Deferred Queue.
If the job's output is in the process of being
transmitted over a channel, RJS aborts the channel and
saves the current output location before moving the job
to the Deferred Queue. A subsequent RESET command will
return it to the Active Queue with an implied Backspace
(BSP).
RESET Moves specified job(s) from Deferred to Active Queue so
they may be sent to user. A specific list of job names
or all jobs can be moved with one RESET command.
ROUTE Re-routes output of specified jobs (or all jobs) waiting
in the Active and Deferred Queues for the VRBT. The new
destination may be any other RJS terminal or the central
facility.
ABORT Cancels a job which was successfully submitted and
awaiting execution or is currently executing in the
Model 91. If the cancelled job was in execution, all
output it produced will be returned.
Output Stream Control Commands
BSP (BACKSPACE) "Backspaces" output stream within current sysout
data set. Actual amount backspaced depends upon
sysout blocking but is typically equivalent to a
page on the line printer.
CAN (CANCEL) (a) On an output channel, CAN causes the rest of
the output in the sysout data set currently
being transmitted to be omitted.
Alternatively, may omit the rest of the sysout
data sets for the job currently being
transmitted; however, the remaining system and
accounting messages will be sent.
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(b) On an input channel, CAN causes RJS to ignore
the job currently being read. However, the
channel is not aborted as a result, and RJS
will continue reading in jobs on the channel.
(c) CAN can delete all sysout data sets for
specified job(s) waiting in Active or Deferred
Queue.
RST (RESTART) (a) Restarts a specified output stream at the
beginning of the current sysout data set or,
optionally, at the beginning of the job.
(b) Marks as restarted specified job(s) whose
transmission was earlier interrupted by system
failure or user action (e.g., DEFER command or
aborting the channel). When RJS transmits
these jobs again it will start at the beginning
of the partially transmitted sysout data set
or, optionally, at the beginning of the job.
this function may be applied to jobs in either
the Active or the Deferred Queue; however, if
the job was in the Deferred Queue then RST also
moves it to the Active Queue. If the job was
never transmitted, RST has no effect other than
this queue movement.
REPEAT Sends additional copies of the output of specified
jobs.
EAM Echoes the card reader stream back in the printer or
punch stream, or both.
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